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| {|class="wikitable sortable" cellpadding="15" width="85%"
| | [[Ambient ionization]] techniques. |
| ! align="left"| Acronym
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| ! align="left" |Technique
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| ! align="left" |Material Removal
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| ! align="left" |Ionization
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| ! align="left" |Reference
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| |-
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| |[[DESI]]
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| |[[Desorption Electrospray Ionization]]
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| |Liquid extraction
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| |[[Electrospray]]
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|
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|
| |-
| | {{ambient table}} |
| |[[TM-DESI]]
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| |[[Transmission mode desorption electrospray ionization]]
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| |Liquid extraction
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| |[[Electrospray]]
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| | |
| |-
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| |[[DART]]
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| |[[Direct analysis in real time]]
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| |Heat
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| |[[Metastable chemical ionization]]
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| |{{doi}}10.1021/ac050162j
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| |-
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| |[[LTP]]
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| |[[Low temperature plasma]]
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| |Heat
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| |[[Metastable chemical ionization]]
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| |{{doi}}10.1021/ac801641a
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| |-
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| |[[DAPCI]]
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| |[[Desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization]]
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| |[[Chemical ionization]]
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| |{{doi}}10.1039/B418697D
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| |-
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| |[[DCBI]]
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| |[[Desorption corona beam ionization]]
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| |Heat
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| |[[Metastable chemical ionization]]
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| |{{doi}}10.1039/B922616H
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| |-
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| |[[LA-FAPA]]
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| |[[Laser ablation flowing atmospheric pressure afterglow]]
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| |Laser
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| |Plasma
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| |{{doi}}10.1021/ac801594u
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| |-
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| |[[LA-ICP]]
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| |[[Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma]]
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| |Laser
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| |Plasma
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| |-
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| |[[DCI]]
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| |[[Desorption chemical ionization]]
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| |Heat
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| |[[Chemical ionization]]
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| |-
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| |[[nano-DESI]]
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| |[[Nanospray desorption electrospray ionization]]
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| |[[Liquid microjunction]]
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| |[[Electrospray]]
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| |{{doi}}10.1039/C0AN00312C
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| |-
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| |[[LMJ-SSP]]
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| |[[Liquid microjunction-surface sampling probe]]
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| |[[Liquid microjunction]]
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| |[[Electrospray]]
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| |{{doi}}10.1021/ac901098d
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| |-
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| |[[PS]]
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| |[[Paper spray]]
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| |Solid extraction
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| |[[Electrospray]]
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| |{{doi}}10.1021/ac902854g
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| |-
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| |[[EASI]]
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| |[[Easy ambient sonic-spray ionization]]
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| |Liquid extraction
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| |[[Sonic spray]]
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| |{{doi}}10.1021/ac701960q
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| |-
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| |[[PESI]]
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| |[[Probe electrospray ionization]]
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| |Solid extraction
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| |[[Electrospray]]
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| |{{doi}}10.1002/rcm.3201
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| |-
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| |[[ELDI]]
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| |[[Electrospray laser desorption ionization]]
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| |Laser
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| |[[Electrospray]]
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| |{{doi}}10.1002/rcm.3011
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| |-
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| |[[MALDESI]]
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| |[[Matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization]]
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| |Laser
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| |[[Electrospray]]
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| |http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasms.2006.08.003
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| |-
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| |[[LAESI]]
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| |[[Laser ablation electrospray ionization]]
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| |Laser
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| |[[Electrospray]]
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| |{{doi}}10.1021/ac071181r
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| |-
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| |[[LADESI]]
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| |[[Laser assisted desorption electrospray ionization]]
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| |Laser
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| |[[Electrospray]]
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| |{{doi}}10.1039/b715146b
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| |-
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| |[[LDESI]]
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| |[[Laser desorption electrospray ionization]]
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| |Laser
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| |[[Electrospray]]
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| |{{doi}}
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| |-
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| |[[LIAD-ESI]]
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| |[[Laser-induced acoustic desorption-electrospray ionization]]
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| |Laser
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| |[[Electrospray]]
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| |{{doi}}10.1021/ac800896y
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| |-
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| |[[IR-LAMICI]]
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| |[[Infrared laser ablation metastable-induced chemical ionization]]
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| |Laser
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| |[[Chemical ionization]]
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| |{{doi}}10.1021/ac902905v
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| |-
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| |[[DICE]]
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| |[[Desorption ionization by charge exchange]]
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| |Liquid extraction
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| |-
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| |[[SACI]]
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| |[[Surface activated chemical ionization]]
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| |Heat
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| |[[Chemical ionization]]
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| |{{doi}}10.2174/138620709787315427
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| | |
| |}
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| ==References==
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| *{{doi}}10.1146/annurev-physchem-040412-110026
| |
Ambient ionization techniques.
Table of ambient ionization techniques
Click the header box to sort the ambient ionization techniques.
Classification
From http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr300309q (Monge, M. E.; Harris, G. A.; Dwivedi, P.; Fernandez, F. M. Mass Spectrometry: Recent Advances in Direct Open Air Surface Sampling/Ionization. Chem. Rev. 2013, 113, 2269-2308)
"One-step techniques where desorption occurs by solid?liquid extraction processes dynamically followed by ESI, APPI, sonic spray, or CI ion production mechanisms"
Plasma
"One-step plasma-based techniques involving thermal or chemical sputtering desorption of neutrals working in parallel with chemical ionization mechanisms"
Two step
"Two-step techniques involving thermal desorption or mechanical ablation followed by secondary ionization"
Laser
"Two-step techniques involving laser desorption/ablation followed by secondary ionization"
Acoustic
"Two-step acoustic desorption methods"
Multimode
"Multimode techniques involving two of the principles in previous categories"
Other
"One-of-a-kind techniques that do not fit into previous categories"
Table of spray-based ambient ionization techniques
Click the header box to sort the ambient ionization techniques.
Schematic of spray-based ambient ionization
Table of laser-based ambient ionization techniques
Click the header box to sort the ambient ionization techniques.
Schematic of laser-based ambient ionization
Table of plasma-based ambient ionization techniques
Click the header box to sort the ambient ionization techniques.
Schematic of plasma-based ambient ionization
Table of sampling-based ambient ionization techniques
Ambient ionization techniques that use non-laser ambient sampling with electrospray or other post-ionization.
Schematic of ambient sampling for mass spectrometry